Property management involves ongoing operational processes that repeat throughout the ownership cycle. Understanding these processes helps owners set expectations and evaluate manager performance. The core processes include tenant acquisition, ongoing management, and turnover handling.Documentation Index
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Tenant Acquisition
Property preparation
Property preparation
Before marketing a vacancy:
- Assess property condition
- Complete necessary repairs
- Clean and refresh unit
- Take marketing photos/video
- Determine rental price (market analysis)
- Prepare showing access plan
Marketing
Marketing
Reaching prospective tenants:
- List on rental platforms (Zillow, Apartments.com, etc.)
- MLS listing if applicable
- Company website
- Social media promotion
- Signage at property
- Referral networks
Showings
Showings
Presenting the property:
- Schedule appointments with prospects
- Conduct in-person or self-guided tours
- Answer prospect questions
- Pre-qualify interested applicants
- Provide application information
Application processing
Application processing
Evaluating prospective tenants:
- Collect applications and fees
- Verify income (pay stubs, tax returns, employment)
- Run credit check
- Conduct background check
- Check rental history and references
- Verify identity
Tenant selection
Tenant selection
Choosing qualified applicants:
- Apply consistent criteria to all applicants
- Document selection rationale
- Provide adverse action notices if required
- Comply with fair housing requirements
Lease execution
Lease execution
Formalizing the tenancy:
- Prepare lease document
- Review terms with tenant
- Collect security deposit
- Collect first month’s rent
- Obtain signatures
- Provide copies to all parties
- Distribute move-in information
Move-in
Move-in
Transitioning tenant into property:
- Conduct move-in inspection (document condition)
- Transfer utilities information
- Provide keys and access devices
- Review property rules and expectations
- Establish communication preferences
- Document meter readings if applicable
Ongoing Management
Rent collection
Rent collection
Monthly rent processing:
- Send rent reminders (if applicable)
- Process payments (online, check, etc.)
- Track payment status
- Apply late fees per lease terms
- Follow up on late payments
- Initiate collection procedures if needed
- Disburse funds to owner
Maintenance management
Maintenance management
Handling property upkeep:
- Receive maintenance requests
- Triage by urgency
- Dispatch appropriate contractor
- Authorize repairs within guidelines
- Obtain owner approval for larger items
- Verify work completion
- Process invoices
Tenant communication
Tenant communication
Ongoing tenant relations:
- Respond to inquiries
- Provide notices as required
- Handle complaints
- Enforce lease terms
- Send community updates
- Maintain documentation
Property inspections
Property inspections
Regular condition assessments:
- Periodic interior inspections (quarterly to annually)
- Exterior and common area checks
- HVAC filter and safety device checks
- Lease compliance verification
- Preventive maintenance identification
Financial management
Financial management
Ongoing accounting:
- Track income and expenses
- Pay property bills
- Maintain reserve funds
- Prepare owner statements
- Budget for capital expenses
- Manage security deposits
- Provide tax documentation
Lease enforcement
Lease enforcement
Ensuring compliance:
- Monitor for violations
- Issue warning notices
- Document violations
- Follow cure or quit procedures
- Coordinate legal action if needed
Lease Renewal
Renewal evaluation
Renewal evaluation
Assessing whether to renew:
- Review tenant payment history
- Consider lease compliance record
- Evaluate property condition
- Assess market conditions
- Calculate appropriate rent adjustment
- Consider owner preferences
Renewal process
Renewal process
Executing renewal:
- Send renewal offer (typically 60-90 days before expiration)
- Negotiate terms if needed
- Prepare renewal agreement
- Execute documents
- Update records
Rent adjustments
Rent adjustments
Setting renewal rent:
- Research current market rates
- Consider tenant quality
- Factor in turnover costs
- Balance retention vs revenue
- Comply with rent control if applicable
Tenant Turnover
Move-out notice
Move-out notice
When tenant gives notice:
- Confirm notice is proper (timing, format)
- Acknowledge receipt
- Provide move-out instructions
- Schedule move-out inspection
- Begin marketing if appropriate
Move-out inspection
Move-out inspection
Documenting condition:
- Walk through with tenant if possible
- Document condition with photos/video
- Compare to move-in inspection
- Note damage beyond normal wear
- Identify cleaning and repair needs
Security deposit disposition
Security deposit disposition
Processing deposit return:
- Calculate deductions for damage
- Prepare itemized statement
- Return balance within legal timeframe
- Document all deductions
- Maintain records
Unit turnover
Unit turnover
Preparing for next tenant:
- Complete repairs
- Professional cleaning
- Paint touch-up or repaint
- Replace worn items
- Update fixtures if needed
- Final inspection before showing
Eviction Process
When eviction is necessary
When eviction is necessary
Common causes:
- Non-payment of rent
- Lease violations
- Property damage
- Illegal activity
- Lease expiration (in some jurisdictions)
Eviction steps
Eviction steps
Typical process (varies by jurisdiction):
- Issue proper notice (pay or quit, cure or quit, etc.)
- Wait required notice period
- File eviction lawsuit if not cured
- Serve tenant with court papers
- Attend court hearing
- Obtain judgment
- Request writ of possession
- Sheriff executes eviction
Manager's role
Manager's role
How managers handle evictions:
- Issue notices properly
- Document all communications
- Coordinate with eviction attorney
- Attend court or provide testimony
- Coordinate sheriff for lockout
- Secure property after eviction
- Process abandoned property
Costs
Costs
Eviction costs vary significantly by jurisdiction and complexity. Expenses may include:
- Court filing fees
- Attorney fees
- Service fees
- Sheriff fees
- Lost rent during process
- Turnover costs after
Emergency Response
Types of emergencies
Types of emergencies
Situations requiring immediate response:
- Water leaks and flooding
- No heat in cold weather
- No cooling in extreme heat
- Gas leaks
- Electrical hazards
- Fire damage
- Break-ins
- Lock-outs
- Sewage backup
Manager response
Manager response
How managers handle emergencies:
- 24/7 emergency line
- Triage and prioritization
- Dispatch appropriate vendor
- Notify owner of significant issues
- Document incident
- Follow up on resolution
- Process insurance claims if needed
Owner notification
Owner notification
When owners should expect contact:
- Major property damage
- Expenses exceeding authority limit
- Tenant safety issues
- Insurance claims
- Media-worthy incidents
Next: Costs and Fees
Management fees, leasing fees, and additional charges
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